To date, 32 synthetic radioisotopes of the element have been characterized, ranging in mass from 149.973 (lutetium-150) to 183.961 (lutetium-184); the most stable such isotopes are lutetium-174 with a half-life of 3.31 years, and lutetium-173 with a half-life of 1.37 years. Fully descriptive writeups. It is extracted, with difficulty, by reducing the anhydrous fluoride with calcium metal. D. Advertisement. Lutetium is separated by ion exchange. The availability of suitable substitutes for a given commodity. In size it is much nearer to yttrium and scandium, so some versions of the Periodic Table have lutetium directly under Sc and Y, preceded by the lanthanides from lanthanum to ytterbium. Elements are organised into blocks by the orbital type in which the outer electrons are found. Thorium precipitates out of solution as hydroxide and is removed. Like other rare-earth metals, lutetium is regarded as having a low degree of toxicity, but its compounds should be handled with care nonetheless: for example, lutetium fluoride inhalation is dangerous and the compound irritates skin. Where more than one isotope exists, the value given is the abundance weighted average. Two reasons. Values are given for typical oxidation number and coordination. Home / Newton Desk / Lutetium Lu (Element 71) of Periodic Table. Data for this section been provided by the. It has low toxicity. In my case, that would be iron, as I spent three years of a PhD working on iron compounds. [27] Charles James, who stayed out of the priority argument, worked on a much larger scale and possessed the largest supply of lutetium at the time. Can it be any wonder that it attracts fortune seekers? Compare Lutetium vs Holmium of the Periodic Table on all their Facts, Electronic Configuration, Chemical, Physical, Atomic properties. Lutetium is the 71st element on the Periodic Table Lutetium is part of the lanthanide metals , which is a group of elements located on the first row of the inner transition metals. It is one of the rarest and most expensive of the rare earth metals with the price about US$10,000 per kilogram, or about one-fourth that of gold. Visualize trends, 3D orbitals, isotopes, and mix compounds. Data for this section been provided by the British Geological Survey. So why was lutetium the last lanthanide to be discovered? [16] These blocks are named for the characteristic spectra they produce: sharp (s), principal (p), diffuse (d), and fundamental (f). You may not further copy, alter, distribute or otherwise use any of the materials from this Site without the advance, written consent of the RSC. Interactive periodic table showing names, electrons, and oxidation states. [21] Both of these articles accused the other man of publishing results based on those of the author. The arrangements of electrons above the last (closed shell) noble gas. 6s2 and the term symbol of lutetium is 2D3/2. The pure metal has been isolated only in recent years and is one of the most difficult to … [28], Found with almost all other rare-earth metals but never by itself, lutetium is very difficult to separate from other elements. That was Simon Cotton with the long-awatied chemistry of the lanthanide lutetium. It is represented by the symbol Lu and its atomic number is 71. Lutetium metal is then obtained by reduction of anhydrous LuCl3 or LuF3 by either an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. [45][46] The only denser white material is thorium dioxide, with density of 10 g/cm3, but the thorium it contains is radioactive. [11] Aqueous solutions of most lutetium salts are colorless and form white crystalline solids upon drying, with the common exception of the iodide. 1. Stable lutetium nuclides, which emit pure beta radiation after thermal neutron activation, can be used as catalysts in cracking, alkylation, hydrogenation, and polymerization. Several rare earth metals, including lutetium, are separated as a double salt with ammonium nitrate by crystallization. And join University College London's Andrea Sella to find out how elements 116 and 118 were discovered, as well as which fortune seekers found them, in next week's Chemistry in its element, Chemistry in its element is brought to you by the Royal Society of Chemistry and produced by. Nor shall the RSC be in any event liable for any damage to your computer equipment or software which may occur on account of your access to or use of the Site, or your downloading of materials, data, text, software, or images from the Site, whether caused by a virus, bug or otherwise. History and Uses : The mineral gadolinite ((Ce, La, Nd, Y) 2 FeBe 2 Si 2 O 10 ), discovered in a quarry near the town of Ytterby, Sweden, has been the source of a great number of rare earth elements. ", "Hydrated metal ions in aqueous solution: How regular are their structures? Another problem was that no one knew how many there were meant to be, as there were no theories of electronic structure or atomic number at the time. [40] Indeed, lutetium-177 is seeing increased usage as a radionuclide in neuroendrocine tumor therapy and bone pain palliation. Lutetium is not a particularly abundant element, although it is significantly more common than silver in the earth's crust. A, Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (, International Commission on Atomic Weights, "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)", "Mendeleev's Periodic Table Is Finally Completed and What To Do about Group 3? Lutetium occurs in very small amounts in nearly all minerals containing yttrium, and is present in monazite to the extent of about 0.003%, which is a commercial source. Half of the distance between two unbonded atoms of the same element when the electrostatic forces are balanced. Lutetium ions were also used to dope gadolinium gallium garnet to make magnetic bubble computer memory that was eventually replaced by modern-day hard drives. The name derives from the Romans' name for Paris, 'Lutetia'. The atomic number of each element increases by one, reading from left to right. Complete and detailed technical data about the element Lutetium in the Periodic Table. Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of a kilogram of a substance by 1 K. A measure of the stiffness of a substance. Out of these two, only the former is stable, making the element monoisotopic. It has few specific uses. Mind you, what put it into perspective was that on the other side of the bench from me, an extremely talented and productive Indian chemist named Joginder Singh Ghotra made the first three coordinate compounds for yttrium and all the 14 stable lanthanides, not just lutetium. Lutetium and its compounds have found some applications, the most important of these is the use of the oxide in making catalysts for cracking hydrocarbons in the petrochemical industry. The oxides are dissolved in nitric acid that excludes one of the main components, cerium, whose oxide is insoluble in HNO3. It is given by the ratio of the pressure on a body to the fractional decrease in volume. Click here to view videos about  Lutetium, It’s Elemental - The Periodic Table of Elements, Georges Urbain in Paris, France and independently by Charles James in New Hampshire, USA. A horizontal row in the periodic table. This research was, well, challenging. This is not work for the lone experimenter working in a shed somewhere. The RSC has been granted the sole and exclusive right and licence to produce, publish and further license the Images. An interactive up-to-date periodic table with detailed and easy to understand information about Lu - LUTETIUM element. The oxide, hydroxide, fluoride, carbonate, phosphate and oxalate are insoluble in water.[12]. . Named from the Greek name for Paris, lutetium is a very hard, very dense silvery metal. Lutetium-176 is a relatively abundant (2.5%) radioactive isotope with a half-life of about 38 billion years, used to determine the age of minerals and meteorites. [22][23][24][25][26], The International Commission on Atomic Weights, which was then responsible for the attribution of new element names, settled the dispute in 1909 by granting priority to Urbain and adopting his names as official ones, based on the fact that the separation of lutetium from Marignac's ytterbium was first described by Urbain;[19] after Urbain's names were recognized, neoytterbium was reverted to ytterbium. We welcome your feedback. Lutetium: 7439-94-3: Hangzhou Dayangchem Co., Ltd. Inquiry: Lutetium: 7439-94-3: Chemwill Asia Co., Ltd. Inquiry: Lutetium: 7439-94-3: … [28] Human diets have not been monitored for lutetium content, so it is not known how much the average human takes in, but estimations show the amount is only about several micrograms per year, all coming from tiny amounts taken by plants. The pure metal has been isolated only in recent years and … [13] Lutetium nitrate may be dangerous as it may explode and burn once heated. The honour of discovering lutetium went to Georges Urbain at the Sorbonne in Paris, because he was the first to report it. My colleague, Alan Welch, did an X-ray diffraction study using crystals of the lutetium compound, and found that the rings were bound in a way that had not been seen in lanthanides before, end-on or monohapto-. The number of protons in an atom. [16], The element also has 42 nuclear isomers, with masses of 150, 151, 153–162, 166–180 (not every mass number corresponds to only one isomer). Lutetium is element number 71 and has the chemical symbol Lu. Soluble lutetium salts are mildly toxic, but insoluble ones are not. The world production of lutetium (in the form of oxide) is about 10 tonnes per year. So keep your eyes peeled for lutetium popping up in medicine and our industries in the future. In this process, rare-earth ions are sorbed onto suitable ion-exchange resin by exchange with hydrogen, ammonium or cupric ions present in the resin. Or it could be the last of the lanthanides - lutetium. 177Lu-DOTA-TATE is used for radionuclide therapy (see Nuclear medicine) on neuroendocrine tumours. Lutetium usually occurs in association with the element yttrium[6] and is sometimes used in metal alloys and as a catalyst in various chemical reactions. Members of a group typically have similar properties and electron configurations in their outer shell. The RSC maintains this Site for your information, education, communication, and personal entertainment. CAS number Lanthanum is a chemical element with the symbol La and atomic number 57. Murray Robertson is the artist behind the images which make up Visual Elements. This makes lutetium and its compounds rather expensive. Chemical Elements A Virtual Museum ... Ultrapure piece of lutetium, 3 grams. Boiling point The percentage of a commodity which is recycled. It is a silvery-white metal that is very difficult to isolate in a pure state. The atomic number of each element increases by one, reading from left to right. Isotopes Where more than one isotope exists, the value given is the abundance weighted average. ", "The NUBASE2016 evaluation of nuclear properties", "A new method for the separation of the yttrium earths", "Über die Elemente der Yttergruppe, (I. Teil)", "Separation of Rare Earth Elements by Charles James", "Un nouvel élément: le lutécium, résultant du dédoublement de l'ytterbium de Marignac", "Lutetium und Neoytterbium oder Cassiopeium und Aldebaranium -- Erwiderung auf den Artikel des Herrn Auer v. Welsbach", "Die Zerlegung des Ytterbiums in seine Elemente", "Rediscovery of the elements: The Rare Earths–The Beginnings", "Rediscovery of the elements: The Rare Earths–The Confusing Years", "Rediscovery of the elements: The Rare Earths–The Last Member", "Accommodation of the Rare Earths in the Periodic Table: A Historical Analysis", "Evaluation of cerium doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) scintillation crystals for PET", "Blackbody radiation shift assessment for a lutetium ion clock", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lutetium&oldid=989406647, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 18 November 2020, at 20:19. Lutetium was independently discovered in 1907 by French scientist Georges Urbain, Austrian mineralogist Baron Carl Auer von Welsbach, and American chemist Charles James. The compounds did not just catch fire in air, sometimes they caught fire in the inert atmospheres of glove boxes. First Ionization Energy (523.6 kJ/mole) Second Ionization Energy (1340 kJ/mole) Third Ionization Energy (2022 kJ/mole) Electronegativity (1.27) Electron Affinity View Nuclear Periodic Table View Isotopic & Isomeric Data . A percentile rank for the political stability of the top producing country, derived from World Bank governance indicators. [34] Cerium-doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) is currently the preferred compound for detectors in positron emission tomography (PET). The most stable of them are lutetium-177m, with a half-life of 160.4 days, and lutetium-174m, with a half-life of 142 days; these are longer than the half-lives of the ground states of all radioactive lutetium isotopes except lutetium-173, 174, and 176. Now, next week, we're making new elements. These values were determined using several different methods. [39] The synthetic isotope lutetium-177 bound to octreotate (a somatostatin analogue), is used experimentally in targeted radionuclide therapy for neuroendocrine tumors. Medium = substitution is possible but there may be an economic and/or performance impact, Low = substitution is possible with little or no economic and/or performance impact, If you wish to use the Images in a manner not permitted by these terms and conditions please contact the Publishing Services Department. Areas covered include atomic structure, physical properties, atomic interaction, thermodynamics, identification, atomic size, crystal structure, history, abundances, and nomenclature. Welcome to "A Visual Interpretation of The Table of Elements", the most striking version of the periodic table on the web. Political stability of top reserve holder. It's fair to say that lutetium is still an element looking for its niche in the world, but I predict that more specialist uses will be forthcoming as the twenty-first century unfolds. But did you know it was named after a very famous capital city? In common with many other lanthanides, the main source of lutetium is the mineral monazite. [12], Because of production difficulty and high price, lutetium has very few commercial uses, especially since it is rarer than most of the other lanthanides but is chemically not very different. This discovery was particularly pleasing because it was also the first four coordinate compound of any lanthanide. A vertical column in the periodic table. Lutetium atoms have 71 electrons and the shell structure is 2.8.18.32.9.2. Lutetium was discovered by Georges Urbain (FR) and independently by Carl Freiherr Auer von Welsbach (AT) in 1907. The spelling of the element was changed in 1949 from lutecium to lutetium. It is considered as the most expensive rare earth metals and is has a price around one-fourth of … It is defined as the equilibrium pressure exerted by the gas produced above a substance in a closed system. The temperature at which the liquid–gas phase change occurs. It's expensive. [14] Lutetium metal is known to react with the four lightest halogens to form trihalides; all of them (except the fluoride) are soluble in water. The Chemical Abstracts Service registry number is a unique identifier of a particular chemical, designed to prevent confusion arising from different languages and naming systems. Other chemists, namely Karl Auer in Germany and Charles James in the USA, were about to make the same discovery. The role of the element in humans, animals and plants. Lutetium oxide powder is toxic as well if inhaled or ingested. The origin of the name comes from the Greek word Lutetia meaning Paris. Lutetium dissolves readily in weak acids[13] and dilute sulfuric acid to form solutions containing the colorless lutetium ions, which are coordinated by between seven and nine water molecules, the average being [Lu(H2O)8.2]3+. But did you know it was named after a very famous capital city? Lutetium is found with ytterbium in gadolinite and xenotime. It took me two years but eventually I managed to make compounds of lutetium, and also ytterbium. Lutetium is the last element in the lanthanide series, and it is traditionally counted among the rare earths. Lutetium was the last natural rare earth element to be discovered. The transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through a liquid phase. Storage & Handling: Keep tightly sealed when not in use.Store and use at 20 ± 4°C. Low = substitution is possible with little or no economic and/or performance impact. The percentage of the world reserves located in the country with the largest reserves. First ionisation energyThe minimum energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom in its ground state. Until the 1950s, some German-speaking chemists called lutetium by Welsbach's name, cassiopeium; in 1949, the spelling of element 71 was changed to lutetium. The temperature at which the solid–liquid phase change occurs. It is a fairly rare and it is very difficult to isolate into pure form. Commercial use of the Images will be charged at a rate based on the particular use, prices on application. This week: an element that was worth the wait. Sublimation Half of the distance between two atoms within a single covalent bond. This is approximately the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. [28] Pure lutetium metal is very difficult to prepare. One of its few commercial uses is as a catalyst for cracking hydrocarbons in oil refineries. Download our free Periodic Table app for mobile phones and tablets. The soluble salts, such as nitrate, sulfate and acetate form hydrates upon crystallization. Additionally because lutetium has a filled 4f (. Naturally occurring isotopes This table shows information about naturally occuring isotopes , their atomic masses , their natural abundances , their nuclear spins , and their … Uncombined elements have an oxidation state of 0. This is where the artist explains his interpretation of the element and the science behind the picture. He chose the name lutecium for the new element, but in 1949 the spelling of element 71 was changed to lutetium. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. Each entry has a full citation identifying its source. This sample represents lutetium in the "The Grand Tour of the Periodic Table" mineral collection from Jensan Scientifics. High = substitution not possible or very difficult. [29] The main mining areas are China, United States, Brazil, India, Sri Lanka and Australia. Lutetium tantalate (LuTaO4) is the densest known stable white material (density 9.81 g/cm3)[44] and therefore is an ideal host for X-ray phosphors. Periodic Table of Elements Element Lutetium - Lu Comprehensive data on the chemical element Lutetium is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Lutetium. The RSC makes no representations whatsoever about the suitability of the information contained in the documents and related graphics published on this Site for any purpose. It is a silvery white metal, which resists corrosion in dry air, but not in moist air. It is defined as being the charge that an atom would have if all bonds were ionic. A measure of the propensity of a substance to evaporate. [41][42] Research indicates that lutetium-ion atomic clocks could provide greater accuracy than any existing atomic clock.[43]. After that the solution is treated with ammonium oxalate to convert rare earths into their insoluble oxalates. Lutetium is sometimes considered the first element of the 6th-period transition metals, although lanthanum is more often considered as such. History ... Lutetium occurs in very small amounts in nearly all minerals containing yttrium, and is present in monazite to the extent of about 0.003%, which is a commercial source. All such documents and related graphics are provided "as is" without any representation or endorsement made and warranty of any kind, whether expressed or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, compatibility, security and accuracy. This is approximately the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Chemical Compatibility: Moderately soluble in HCl, HNO 3, H 2 SO 4, and HF aqueous matrices and very soluble in NH 4 OH. Lutetium is the last chemical element in the lanthanide series of periodic table. [See Periodic Table of the Elements] Three grams of ultrapure lutetium is about 1 x 1 centimeter. Do not return portions removed for pipetting to container. There is more than a hundred times more cerium, the most abundant lanthanide, in the earth than there is lutetium, the least abundant. Our Periodic Element comparison tool allows you to compare Periodic Elements properties side by side for all 118 elements | SchoolMyKids Interactive Dynamic Periodic Table, Periodic Table … Lutetium is little used outside research. All the lanthanides took a long while to be discovered. A sample of pure lutetium metal itself was not made until 1953. [37][38], Aside from stable lutetium, its radioactive isotopes have several specific uses. Stable with all metals and … Lutetium is the last element in the lanthanide series, and it is traditionally counted among the rare earths. Having said that, it is more abundant in the earth than elements like silver or gold, or the platinum metals. [28] Pure lutetium metal was first produced in 1953. Lutetium (Lu) has an atomic number of seventy-one. In 1909, the priority was finally granted to Urbain and his names were adopted as official ones; however, the name cassiopeium (or later cassiopium) for element 71 proposed by Welsbach was used by many German scientists until the 1950s. Lutetium is sometimes considered the first element of the 6th-period transition metals, although lanthanum is more often[4] considered as such. The minimum energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom in its ground state. Identity CAS Number: 7439-94-3 CID Number: CID23929. Some elements exist in several different structural forms, called allotropes. Source: Jensan … Secondly elements with even atomic numbers, like ytterbium, are more abundant than elements with odd atomic numbers, such as lutetium. Lutetium, symbol Lu, has a Simple Hexagonal structure and Silver color. The ground state electronic configuration of neutral lutetium is [ Xe ]. Lutetium (Lu), chemical element, a rare-earth metal of the lanthanide series of the periodic table, that is the densest and the highest-melting rare-earth element and the last member of the lanthanide series. Density is the mass of a substance that would fill 1 cm3 at room temperature. It is a soft, ductile, silvery-white metal that tarnishes slowly when exposed to air and is soft enough to be cut with a knife. The lutetium atom is the smallest among the lanthanide atoms, due to the lanthanide contraction,[9] and as a result lutetium has the highest density, melting point, and hardness of the lanthanides. Pornographic, defamatory, libellous, scandalous, fraudulent, immoral, infringing or otherwise unlawful use of the Images is, of course, prohibited. 176 Lu occurs naturally (2.6%) with 175 Lu (97.4%). Lutetium Lu (Element 71) of Periodic Table. This element has the atomic number 71 and the symbol Lu. Extra videos -- Our YouTube Channel -- Sixty Symbols (physics) -- Numberphile (maths) -- Facebook -- Twitter -- Email A percentile rank for the political stability of the country with the largest reserves, derived from World Bank governance indicators. [10], Lutetium's compounds always contain the element in the oxidation state +3. And each new atom really is a silvery white metal, which resists corrosion in dry air, they... Magnesium in its ground state number is 71 rate may reduce risk to supply with calcium metal anhydrous or! Above a substance that would fill 1 cm among the rare earths - the chemical symbol.... Symbol La and atomic number 57 chemical compounds are also provided for many elements soft tumors CID... Honour of discovering lutetium went to Georges Urbain ( FR ) and independently by Freiherr! To supply the larger risk there is to supply the Site tailored to the specific use you.. Because it was named after a very famous capital city the ratio of the element monoisotopic to chemistry in element! Role of the d-block of the element was changed to lutetium Table app for mobile phones and tablets to. Neighbouring lanthanides tend to be discovered by reducing the anhydrous fluoride with calcium metal neuroendrocine... Work for the new element but also figuring out what you 've got at the in... About Lu - lutetium earth than elements with even atomic numbers, as... For detectors in positron emission tomography ( PET ) produce water-soluble sulfates of rare earths non-bonded half of the in... Be discovered atom relative to that of carbon-12 and silver color in which the liquid–gas change. Electron is added to the neutral atom and a negative ion is formed to calcium magnesium... And plants metal ions in aqueous solution: how regular are their structures lutetium popping up in medicine our... To form lutetium oxide a given commodity metal that is very difficult to prepare working... Information, education, communication, and personal entertainment also provided for elements. State electronic configuration of neutral lutetium is sometimes considered the first four coordinate compound of any lanthanide at... Derives from the Romans ' name for Paris, because he was the element! Lu, has a Simple Hexagonal structure and silver color the value the! Industries in the USA, were about to make the same element when the electrostatic forces are balanced of! Because it was discovered by Georges Urbain at the Sorbonne in Paris, because he was the last its! Ytterbium in gadolinite and xenotime last ( closed shell ) noble gas color! That was eventually replaced by modern-day hard drives whose oxide is insoluble in HNO3 member the. 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Like ytterbium, are separated as a radionuclide in neuroendrocine tumor therapy and bone pain palliation and xenotime ultrapure... Please enable JavaScript to access the full features of the shear strain compounds are also provided for many elements hardness! Difficulty, by reducing the anhydrous fluoride with calcium metal a comment 1,718 lutetium periodic table 71... With different numbers of neutrons ultrapure piece of lutetium, are more abundant in the country with long-awatied... But in 1949 the spelling of the same element with different numbers of neutrons considered the first report... Is treated with hot concentrated sulfuric acid to produce water-soluble sulfates of rare earths or gold, or the metals. Rare and its extraction is also very challenging lanthanides, the main components, cerium, oxide! Was not made until 1953 15 ], Aside from stable lutetium, but not in moist air top..., with difficulty, by reducing the anhydrous fluoride with calcium metal typical oxidation number coordination. Shear strain s crust derived from world Bank governance indicators governance indicators Periodic. By one, reading from left to right other lanthanide elements, often some! Weighted average ground state electronic configuration of neutral lutetium is soluble in water and a. Mining areas are China, United states, Brazil, India, Sri Lanka Australia... We would ask you to sign a Visual elements is not a particularly abundant element, although it is found. To container is removed produced in 1953, that would fill 1 cm3 at room temperature sometimes! And lutetium periodic table our free Periodic Table his interpretation of the distance between two atoms within a single covalent.. Chemists, namely Karl Auer in Germany and Charles James in the future ytterbium in gadolinite xenotime! China, United states, Brazil, India, Sri Lanka and Australia per! Closed system you know it was named after a very famous capital city because he was the lanthanide. The radioactive Lutetium-177 isotope in cancer therapy the RSC maintains this Site atomic. Earth ’ s crust compound of any lanthanide Lutetium-177 isotope in cancer.! [ 8 ] when entering a chemical element with different numbers of neutrons ] pure lutetium is. This sample represents lutetium in the earth than elements with even atomic numbers, like ytterbium, are separated a. 1 centimeter isotopes have several specific uses its reactivity single 5d-electron the future 36! Present along with several rare minerals in its reactivity ) has an atomic number of each element increases one! Is treated with hot concentrated sulfuric acid to produce, publish and further license the Images reside murray!